Support sharded coder for Prism runner cross-lang

[Abacn]

Please add a meaningful description for your change here

Port from internal change (Gerrit#8549)

Needed for running BigQuery storage write schema transform on Prism Runner

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[codecov]

Codecov Report

❌ Patch coverage is 80.00000% with 2 lines in your changes missing coverage. Please review.
✅ Project coverage is 58.14%. Comparing base (f2c622b) to head (758afcd).
⚠️ Report is 6 commits behind head on master.

Files with missing lines	Patch %	Lines
sdks/go/pkg/beam/runners/prism/internal/coders.go	80.00%	1 Missing and 1 partial ⚠️

Additional details and impacted files

@@             Coverage Diff              @@
##             master   #39623      +/-   ##
============================================
- Coverage     58.15%   58.14%   -0.02%     
  Complexity    13085    13085              
============================================
  Files          2521     2524       +3     
  Lines        264850   265435     +585     
  Branches      10788    10788              
============================================
+ Hits         154023   154324     +301     
- Misses       105051   105294     +243     
- Partials       5776     5817      +41     

Flag	Coverage Δ
go	28.90% <80.00%> (+0.16%)	⬆️

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Assigning reviewers:

R: @jrmccluskey for label go.

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[jrmccluskey]

LGTM